Lupus
Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy tissues, causing inflammation and damage to various parts of the body, with symptoms that can be managed with the appropriate treatment
Lupus, formally known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body. This can cause inflammation, pain, and damage in various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain. Symptoms of lupus can vary widely but often include fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, and fevers. The disease can range from mild to life-threatening, depending on which organs are affected and the severity of the inflammation.
Diagnosing lupus can be challenging due to its wide range of symptoms that often mimic other conditions. We typically use a combination of patient history, physical examinations, and laboratory tests to make a diagnosis. Blood tests looking for specific antibodies, such as anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), along with tests that measure inflammation levels, are commonly used. Imaging studies and biopsies might also be necessary to assess the extent of organ involvement. Because lupus symptoms can flare and subside, a diagnosis often requires careful monitoring over time.
While there is no cure for lupus, treatment aims to manage symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and minimize organ damage. Common treatments include anti-inflammatory medications, immunosuppressants, and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and control the overactive immune response. Lifestyle changes, such as sun protection, regular exercise, and a healthy diet, are also important in managing the disease. In some cases, newer biologic medications that specifically target parts of the immune system may be used. Regular follow-up with a rheumatologist is crucial to adjust treatments and monitor for potential complications.